Numerical Investigation into the Effect of Laminated Casing on the Impact Resistance of Smartphone Screens

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Systems Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka, 101017, Lagos, Nigeria

2 Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria

Abstract

A survey shows that most smartphones damages are due to frequent falls, owing to their small nature coupled with poor handling. This results in cracked screens to broken parts, to total damage. Although advancements like the gorilla glass which claims to be both scratch and crack resistant have been successful. However, this has only reduced screen damage. The overall effect of high and low-velocity impact on phones has not been reduced. Hence, this study focuses on the impact performance of laminated cellphone casing. The laminate is achieved through force fit of different layers of the lamina. Four laminated scenarios are examined. The impact analyses of single, double, triple, and quadplex layers of the laminate are studied within a drop height of 0.5m - 2.5m and a step size of 0.5m. Various polycarbonate layers of the phone casing are captured as an elastoplastic material model. The assembled model of the phone casing with the screen is achieved through Autodesk Inventor® while Solidworks® drop test module is employed to simulate the different impact conditions. Results from the stress, strain energy, and displacement responses reveal that the number of laminate layers relates inversely to the effect of impact load on the phone screen. The computational outcomes of the present study demonstrate a reasonable agreement with laboratory evidence recorded in the literature.

Highlights

Google Scholar

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1]     June 2016 | TOP500 Supercomputer Sites n.d.
[2]     Smartphone n.d.
[3]     Miakotko L. The impact of smartphones and mobile devices on human health and life 2016.
[4]     John Fingas. Gorilla Glass 4 shouldn’t shatter when you drop your phone n.d.
[5]     Gorilla Glass maker unveils ultra-thin and flexible Willow Glass - Innovation Toronto n.d.
[6]     Xensation Touchscreen Glasses | SCHOTT AG, Lighting and Imaging | May 2011 | Photonics.com n.d.
[7]     Auguste Victor Louis Verneuil. Synthetic sapphire, 1911.
[8]     What Is Post-Formed Plastic Laminate? n.d.
[9]     Carter R. Method of laminating multiple layers, 1993.
[10]   Laminated structure | Article about laminated structure by The Free Dictionary n.d.
[11]   Tiwari N. Mechanics of Laminated Composite Structures n.d.
[12]   Ratwani MM. Composite Materials and Sandwich Structures – A Primer. 2010.
[13]   Voith | Laminate structure improves energy balance n.d.
[14]   He K, Hoa S V, Ganesan R. The study of tapered laminated composite structures: a review. Compos Sci Technol 2000;60:2643–57.
[15]   Vlot A. Low-velocity impact loading: On fibre reinforced aluminium laminates (ARALL and GLARE) and other aircraft sheet materials. Delft University of Technology, 1993.
[16]   Zhang X, Davies GAO, Hitchings D. Impact damage with compressive preload and post-impact compression of carbon composite plates. Int J Impact Eng 1999;22:485–509. doi:10.1016/S0734-743X(99)00003-2.
[17]   Bakalarz M, Kossakowski PG. Mechanical Properties of Laminated Veneer Lumber Beams Strengthened with CFRP Sheets. Arch Civ Eng 2019;65:57–66.
[18]   Bashir MA, Alqarni M, Noman A. Numerical Simulation and Parametric Study on the Moment Capacity of Composite Beam. Comput Eng Phys Model 2019;2:18–31.
[19]   Kuhtz M, Buschner N, Henseler T, Hornig A, Klaerner M, Ullmann M, et al. An experimental study on the bending response of multi-layered fibre-metal-laminates. J Compos Mater 2019:0021998319835595.
[20]   Strait LH, Karasek ML, Amateau MF. Effects of Stacking Sequence on the Impact Resistance of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Toughened Epoxy Laminates. J Compos Mater 1992;26:1725–40. doi:10.1177/002199839202601202.
[21]   Wu H-YT, Fu-Kuo C. Transient dynamic analysis of laminated composite plates subjected to transverse impact. Comput Struct 1989;31:453–66. doi:10.1016/0045-7949(89)90393-3.
[22]   Hyung Yun Choi HY, Chang F-K. A Model for Predicting Damage in Graphite/Epoxy Laminated Composites Resulting from Low-Velocity Point Impact. J Compos Mater 1992;26:2134–69. doi:10.1177/002199839202601408.
[23]   Dost EF, Ilcewicz LB, Avery WB, Coxon BR. Effects of stacking sequence on impact damage resistance and residual strength for quasi-isotropic laminates. 1991.
[24]   Caprino G, Lopresto V, Scarponi C, Briotti G. Influence of material thickness on the response of carbon-fabric/epoxy panels to low velocity impact. Compos Sci Technol 1999;59:2279–86. doi:10.1016/S0266-3538(99)00079-2.
[25]   Caprino G, Lopresto V. The significance of indentation in the inspection of carbon fibre-reinforced plastic panels damaged by low-velocity impact. Compos Sci Technol 2000;60:1003–12. doi:10.1016/S0266-3538(99)00196-7.
[26]   Luo R., Green E., Morrison C. An approach to evaluate the impact damage initiation and propagation in composite plates. Compos Part B Eng 2001;32:513–20. doi:10.1016/S1359-8368(01)00031-2.
[27]   Hosseinzadeh R, Shokrieh MM, Lessard L. Damage behavior of fiber reinforced composite plates subjected to drop weight impacts. Compos Sci Technol 2006;66:61–8. doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.05.025.
[28]   Inc. A. ANSYS LS-DYNA: Explicit Dynamics Solution 1970.
[29]   Kim JG, Park YK. Experimental verification of drop/impact simulation for a cellular phone. Exp Mech 2004;44:375–80. doi:10.1007/BF02428090.
[30]   Liu W, Li H. Impact analysis of a cellular phone. 4th ANSA μETA Int. Conf., 2011, p. 7 pages.
[31]   Singh G, Singh J. A Review on Finite Element Analysis of Free Fall Drop Test on Mobile Phone. Int J Sci Res ISSN (Online Impact Factor 2012;3:2319–7064.
[32]   LSTC. LS-DYNA | Livermore Software Technology Corp. n.d.
[33]   Harrysson A. Drop test simulation of cellular phone. Lund University, 2003.
[34]   Hwan C-L, Lin M-J, Lo C-C, Chen W-L. Drop tests and impact simulation for cell phones. J Chinese Inst Eng 2011;34:337–46. doi:10.1080/02533839.2011.565610.
[35]   Grewolls G, Ptchelintsev A. Robustness Evaluation of Mobile Phone Drop Test Simulation. 7th Winar Optim. Stoch. Days, 2010.
[36]   Autodesk. Inventor Professional n.d.
[37]   Dassault-Systèmes. Solidworks 3D CAD design software 1995.
Computational Engineering and Physical Modeling
Volume 2, Issue 4 - Serial Number 8
October 2019
Pages 58-77

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 07 May 2019
  • Revise Date: 10 January 2020
  • Accept Date: 18 February 2020

Share

How to cite

Statistics